In 1997, Congress directed the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to conduct assessment, remedial action, and site closure activities for FUSRAP sites in accordance with a Memorandum of Understanding between the Corps and the Department of Energy (DOE). Through this program, the Corps addresses the environmental remediation or control of sites where the Manhattan Engineer District or Atomic Energy Commission activities were performed during the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. Upon completion of remedial action and site closure activities, these sites are transferred back to DOE. The DOE Office of Legacy Management retains responsibility for determining eligibility for site cleanups under FUSRAP and for long-term surveillance and maintenance activities. The waste generated at FUSRAP sites typically consists of low-level radioactive material such as uranium, thorium and/or radium, with some mixed waste.